Toronto Math Forum
MAT244-2018S => MAT244--Tests => Quiz-6 => Topic started by: Victor Ivrii on March 16, 2018, 08:17:56 PM
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a. Express the general solution of the given system of equations in terms of real-valued functions.
b. Also draw a direction field, sketch a few of the trajectories, and describe the behavior of the solutions as $t\to \infty$.
$$\mathbf{x}' =\begin{pmatrix}
4 &-3\\
8 &-6
\end{pmatrix}\mathbf{x}$$
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Solving for eigenvalues:
\begin{gather*}
(4-r)(-6-r)+24 = 0\\
\implies - 24 - 4r + 6r + r^2 = 0\\
\implies r^2 + 2r = 0 \implies r(r+2) = 0
\end{gather*}
eigenvalues are $0$ and $-2$.
When $r = 0$, Nullspace of $\begin{pmatrix}
4 & -3 \\
8 & -6
\end{pmatrix}$ equals to Nullspace of $\begin{pmatrix}
4 & -3 \\
0 & 0
\end{pmatrix}$, which is equal to the span of $\begin{pmatrix}
3 \\
4
\end{pmatrix}$.
When $r = -2$, Nullspace of $\begin{pmatrix}
6 & -3 \\
8 & -4
\end{pmatrix}$, which is equal to Nullspace of $\begin{pmatrix}
6 & -3 \\
0 & 0
\end{pmatrix}$, which is a span of $\begin{pmatrix}
1 \\
2
\end{pmatrix}$.
Then
$$\mathbf{x} = c_1\begin{pmatrix}3\\4\end{pmatrix} + c_2e^{-2t}\begin{pmatrix}1\\2\end{pmatrix}$$
As $t$ goes to infinity, the solutions tend to $c_1\begin{pmatrix}3\\4\end{pmatrix}$. A sketch of the phase portrait:
(https://scontent.fybz2-2.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t34.0-12/28908096_10213988606260629_518496197_n.png?_nc_eui2=v1%3AAeFTpEu7lCMKV7FNgO9DgqzZ4kVqPmwhDlFEolclGVihhc5bIxds41u2IHllkLjiUObNOumIZMbdhRAaB88Qhd5eruR3P4k2ASqY73DbLIiTew&oh=0c1d0cdfe4959df8a4b23bf54fcacda3&oe=5AAFF5EE)
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Vivian, please learn LaTeX. I fixed it foe you
And do not use external web servers for images. Use attachments.