MAT244-2018S > Quiz-5

Q5--T0101, T0801

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Victor Ivrii:
a. Transform the given system into a single equation of second order.

b. Find $x_1$ and $x_2$ that also satisfy the given initial conditions.

c.  Sketch the graph of the solution in the $(x_1,x_2)$-plane for $t \ge 0$.

\left\{\begin{aligned} & x'_1= -0.5x_1 + 2x_2, &&x_1(0) = -2,\\ &x'_2= -2x_1 - 0.5x_2, &&x_2(0) = 2 \end{aligned}\right.

Darren Zhang:
Solving the first equation for B , we obtain $x_2 = x_1'/2+x_1/4$. Substitution into the second equation results in $$x_1''/2+x_1'/4 = -2x_1-(x_1'/2+x_1'/4)/2$$.
Rearranging the terms, the single differential equation for $x_1$ is $$x_1''+x_1'+\frac{17}{4}x_1=0$$
The general soln is $$x_1(t) = e^{-t/2}(c_1cos2t+c_2sin2t)$$. With $x_2$ given in terms of $x_1$, it has
$$x_2(t) = e^{-t/2}(-c_1cos2t+c_2sin2t)$$.
Imposing the specified initial conditions, we obtain $c_1 = -2, c_2 = 2$. Hence,
$$x_1(t) = e^{-t/2}(-2cos2t+2sin2t)$$.
$$x_2(t) = e^{-t/2}(2cos2t+2sin2t)$$.
Attached is the graph.

Victor Ivrii:
You should write \cos (and so on)