Author Topic: Q7-T0101  (Read 4375 times)

Victor Ivrii

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Q7-T0101
« on: March 30, 2018, 12:14:55 PM »
a. Determine all critical points of the given system of equations.

b. Find the corresponding linear system near each critical point.

c. Find the eigenvalues of each linear system. What conclusions can you then draw about the nonlinear system?

d. Draw a phase portrait of the nonlinear system to confirm your conclusions, or to extend them in those cases where the linear system does not provide definite information about the nonlinear system.
$$
\left\{\begin{aligned}
&\frac{dx}{dt} = x - x^2 - xy\\
&\frac{dy}{dt} = 3y - xy - 2y^2
\end{aligned}\right.$$

« Last Edit: March 30, 2018, 12:21:09 PM by Victor Ivrii »

Jared Jubas-Malz

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Re: Q7-T0101
« Reply #1 on: March 30, 2018, 01:29:23 PM »
The critical points would be when $x'=0$ and $y'=0$:
$$\begin{align}0=x^2+xy-x=x(x+y-1)\end{align}$$
$$\begin{align}0=2y^2+xy-3y=y(2y+x-3)\end{align}$$
From $(1)$ and $(2)$ the critical points would be $(0,0)$, $(0,\frac{3}{2})$, $(1,0)$ and $(-1,2)$.
The Jacobian matrix would be:
$$\begin{align}J=\begin{pmatrix}F_{x}&F_{y}\\G_{x}&G_{y}\end{pmatrix}=\begin{pmatrix}-2x-y+1&-x\\-y&-4y-x+3\end{pmatrix}\end{align}$$
At $(0,0)$:
$$\begin{align}J=\begin{pmatrix}1&0\\0&3\end{pmatrix}\end{align}$$
Since it is a triangular matrix, the eigenvalues would just be the diagonal entries so $r_{1}=1$ and $r_{2}=3$. This means that $0<r_{1}<r_{2}$ so the nonlinear system would be an unstable node.
At $(0,\frac{3}{2})$:
$$\begin{align}J=\begin{pmatrix}\frac{-1}{2}&0\\\frac{-3}{2}&-3\end{pmatrix}\end{align}$$
Since it is a triangular matrix, the eigenvalues would just be the diagonal entries so $r_{1}=\frac{-1}{2}$ and $r_{2}=-3$. This means that $0>r_{1}>r_{2}$ so the nonlinear system would be an asymptotically stable node.
At $(1,0)$:
$$\begin{align}J=\begin{pmatrix}-1&-1\\0&2\end{pmatrix}\end{align}$$
Since it is a triangular matrix, the eigenvalues would just be the diagonal entries so $r_{1}=-1$ and $r_{2}=2$. This means that $r_{1}<0<r_{2}$ so the nonlinear system would be an unstable saddle point.
At $(-1,2)$:
$$\begin{align}J=\begin{pmatrix}1&1\\-2&-4\end{pmatrix}\end{align}$$
Solving gives eigenvalues $r_{1}=\frac{-3+\sqrt17}{2}$ and $r_{2}=\frac{-3-\sqrt17}{2}$. Since $r_{2}<0<r_{1}$ the nonlinear system would be an unstable saddle point.